Aruna Sharma, MD is currently Secretary of Research at Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Sweden. She obtained her Bachelor of Science in 1971 and trained in Indian Medicine up to 1977 and engaged in medical research from 1978 to 1986 in India on hyperthermia induced brain dysfunction under University Grants Commission and Indian Council of Medical Research Programs. She is a qualified experimental Neurpathologist and received her training at Karl Marx University Leipzig, Institute of Neurobiology (1987-1988); Semmelweis University Medical School, Department of Human Morphology and Developmental Biology, Budapest, Hungary (1988-1989), Free University Berlin, Germany (1989-1991) and Neuropathology Institute Uppsala (1992-1995). She was further engaged in experimental neuropathological research at Uppsala University Hospital in the laboratory of Neuropathology of Hari Sharma and Yngve Olsson under Swedish Medical Research Council Program. She continued to work with Hari Sharma and Jan Westman in the department of Neuroanatomy, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University from 1996 until 2003 on neuroimmunohistochemistry of experimental and human brain diseases. Since 2004 she joined Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine and working on research programs including Nanotechnology in the CNS and disease modulation by endocrine or cardiovascular anomalies in the CNS and neuroprotection under various National and International Research Programs. Her main interest is now focused on Indian Medicinal drugs and their effects on the Central Nervous System Function, toxicology, neurorepair and neuroprotection. She is also investigating neurotoxicological profiles of many Ayurvedic traditional drugs with special reference to those containing metal oxide or metal ashes. Dr Sharma is member of various Distinguished American Organizations and elected to receive the prestigious award “Women of the Years Representing Sweden Award 2009” for her outstanding contributions towards society by American Biographical Research Institute, USA; and “Best Professional Business Women Award 2010” For Setting Standard to Motivate, Excel and Inspire Others, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. She has published over 50 original research papers in Reputed Neuroscience Journals and is currently Acquisition Editor of American Journal of Neuroproetction and Neuroregenartion.

Military personals are often subject to sleep deprivation (SD) during combat operations or peacekeeping missions abroad that may affect brain function and reduce their ability to perform at optimal level. However, disturbances in brain functions following SD by additional exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) is unknown. In present investigation effects of SD on blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown and cognitive and sensory motor function was examined in a rat model. Furthermore chronic intoxication of engineered NPs from metal, e.g., Cu and Ag of two different sizes (20 to 30 nm or 50 to 60 nm) on BBB and behavioral functions were also examined in SD. SD was induced in young adult rats (age 12 to 14 weeks) using a model in which the animals are placed over an inverted flowerpot platform (ca. 7 cm diameter) in a water pool where the water levels are just 3 cm below the surface. Animals may sleep for brief periods but could not achieve deep sleep as they would fall into water. Normal animals subjected to SD showed leakage of Evans blue largely seen in the cerebellum, hippocampus, caudate nucleus, parietal, temporal, occipital and cingulate cerebral cortices and in the brain stem. The ventricular walls of the lateral and 4th ventricles were also stained blue indicating that SD disrupts both the BBB and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). Abnormal behavioral functions are also seen on Rota Rod, inclined plane angle test as well as walking on a wired mesh. The breakdown of the BBB, BCSFB and behavioral disturbances were progressive in nature from 12 to 48 h. However, no apparent differences in BBB or behavioral dysfunction were seen between 48 and 72 h of SD. When Cu or Ag NPs treated rats (50 mg/kg, i.p. daily for 7 days) were subjected to identical SD for 12 to 72 h, profound exacerbation of BBB disruption to Evans blue (+150% at 12 h; 260% at 24 h; 300% at 48 h and 360% at 72 h) was seen in similar brain regions. The ventricular walls showed much deeper blue staining indicating that BBB and BCSFB breakdown were exacerbated by NPs intoxication. The behavioral dysfunction in the NPs intoxicated animals was also exacerbated than normal animals. Small sized NPs induced most pronounced effects on BBB disruptions and behavioral dysfunction than the large sized NPs. In general, Ag NPs irrespective of their sizes exerted most pronounced effects on BBB and BCSFB disruption than Cu NPs of similar sizes. Ondansetron treatment (1 mg/kg, s.c.) 4 to 8 h after SD resulted in significant neuroprotection in 12 o 24 h SD rats. Interestingly nanodelivery of TiO2 nanowired ondansetron (1 mg/kg) resulted in pronounced neuroprotection in 48 to 72 h SD rats. Taken together our observations are the first to point out that (i) small sized NPs may have more devastating effects on brain and behavioral dysfunctions during SD, and (ii) nanodelivery of a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron may alleviate most of the adverse effects of SD with our without NPs intoxication.

Proferssor Sukkee Um has completed his PhD and postdoctoral studies from the Electrochemical Engine Center at the Pennsylvania State University, USA. He worked for Hyundai motor company as a senior research engineer and performed various researches at Korea Insitutue of Energy Research in South Korea. Currently, he is the director of Multi Transport Energy Laboratory (METLAB) at Hanyang University, Seoul, S. Korea. His expertise is in the field of computional engineering optimization and design of electrochemical energy systems.

A three-dimensional lattice Boltzmann model has been developed to visualize the nano transport phenomena in highly disordered carbon felt layers for advanced electrochemical energy systems and to search for effective transport properties of porosity and tortuosity in the randomly structured porous materials. Stochastic nano-scale percolation modeling based on the Monte Carlo method is developed by using random number generation processes over a carbon porous domain as a population. As an initial step of the stochastic procedures, a representative elementary area (REA) is chosen through a deterministic approach with relative gradient errors. Random distributions of binary components (i.e., carbon felts and pores) are then generated by the Monte Carlo method with initially given superficial volume fractions. In a subsequent step, a cluster labeling process with a modified Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm is performed to group locally inter-connected neighboring network nodes into a single cluster. After the post-determination process of the successful connectivity, the effective mass velocity are computed to determine the extent of possible electrochemical reactions at an opposite boundary of the composite diffusion media. The model is compared with numerical data by using a commercial CFD software. In particular, a detailed statistical analysis with a 95% confidence level is conducted to deduce the statistical variations of effective transport properties in the carbon felt composite layers and to suggest the best possible scenarios for mass transfer

Professor associate of inorganic chemistry in king abdulaziz university/jeddah i was awarded the bachelor and master degree from the faculty of science of king abdulaziz university. Bio-inorganic chemistry of phd degree was graduated from university of east anglia in norwich/England.

A casn(oh)6 nanoparticle was prepared by a sonochemical method, while pd was immobilized on the surface of casn(oh)6 via a photoassisted deposition (pad) method. The catalytic performances of samples were carried out for the photo- catalytic oxidation of methylene blue dye by using uv irradiation light. Xrd results show that the pd is well dispersed within the casn(oh)6. The bet results reveal that the surface area of casn(oh)6 is higher than that of pd/casn(oh)6 samples. 0.3 wt% pd/casn(oh)6 has the highest photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylne blue dye. The catalyst could be reused with no loss in activity during the first 5 cycles.

G. Linden completed her Ph.D. in chemistry from Leningrad University (St. Petersburg, Russia) at the age of 27 and continued her post-doctoral studies on immunoconjugates in Russia. She is currently a chief researcher in the Pharma division of Teva Innovative R&D. She participates in the development of new innovative drugs and implementation of their manufacturing methods in various countries. She has published more than twenty scientific papers in reputed journals and is a co-inventor of several patents on new drugs.

A new fixed-dose injectable formulation containing two drug substances: a nanodrug – a polypeptide mixture from the glatiramoid family – and a small molecule – a quinoline moiety-containing compound (QMCC) – was developed with the aim of including both actives in a stable aqueous isotonic solution at the highest possible concentrations of each. Achieving this goal was not trivial due to the low stability and solubility of the QMCC at pH range 5.5–7, at which a nanodrug having a polypeptide length (ranging from 20 to 200) is very stable. The QMCC solution is much more soluble and stable at pH values exceeding 7, at which nanodrugs begin to undergo degradation (stronger in more alkaline media). The addition of QMCC even at low concentration to the solution results in rapid gel formation. Numerous studies of various buffers, solvents and surface-active agents with various forms of QMCC (acid and salts) have consistently led to viscous solutions that gradually form gels, or to rapid formation of turbid gels. This problem was solved by the addition of a QMCC sodium salt to a solution of a nanodrug containing lysine at concentrations that produced a transparent isotonic solution which did not undergo gel formation during storage at 2-8°C for more than two years. Additional experiments performed with various amino acids at similar molar concentrations (histidine, alanine, proline, glycine) showed that they behave differently regarding gel formation: preventing/retarding (lysine, alanine), accelerating (histidine) or having nearly no effect on gel formation (proline, glycine).

Past administrative position: Head of General Physics Department; Vice dean of Faculty of Physics. Qualifications: Solid state physics. Professional experience: - High temperature superconducting materials: + Synthesize an superconducting materials by the solid state reaction method + Study on influence of transition metal Cu, Co on the structure, electro-magnetic properties of BiSrCaCuO superconducting materials. + Study on mechanisms of cooper destroy, flux pinning and weak-line of boundaries of grains in BiSrCaCuO, YBaCaCuO superconducting ceramics. - Semiconducting nanomaterials: + Synthesize the semiconductor nanopowder of ZnO:M, ZnS:M (M: Ni, Mn, Cu, Al) by wet chemical method, co-precipitated method, hydro-temperature method + Study the electric, optical properties of ZnO:M, ZnS:M nanoparticles. Study the influence of quantum confinement effect and particle size on the optical property of nanomaterial. This is the hot topic in researching nanomaterial nowadays. Especially concentrate to study on the optical and electric properties, the ability in application of materials The researching directions today: - Fe3O4:M (M: Ni, Mn, Cu, Zn) magnetic nanomaterials: Synthesize and study the microstructure magnetic properties of Fe3O4:M nanomaterials and application capacity for environment pollution processing - Nanocomposite materials + Synthesize the polymer/ZnS:M (M: Ni, Mn, Cu) nanocomposite materials (polymer: polianilin, polypyrrole polythiophen, polyvinylacohol) and study the influence of quantum confinement effect and particle size, role of polymer on the optical property of nanomaterials + Synthesize the polymer/Fe3O4:M (M: Ni, Mn, Cu, Zn) nanocomposite materials (polymer: polianilin, polypyrrole polythiophen, polyvinylacohol…). Study a role of polymer and application capacity for arsenic pollution processing in water

The research results of the polynaphthylamine (PNA)/Fe3O4nanocomposites synthesized by a chemical method for As(III) wastewater treatment are presented in this paper. The X-ray diffraction patterns and transmission electron microscopy images showed that samples had the shel-core structure with the grain sizes were varied from 13 nm to 22 nm. The results of vibrating sample magnetometer measurementsat room temperature showed that saturation magnetic moments of PNA/Fe3O4samples were decreased from 63,13 emu/g to 43,43 emu/g with the increase of PNA concentration from 5% to 15%. The nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherm of samples at 77 K was studied in order to investigate the surface and porous structure of nanoparticles by BET method.. The pore size distribution of about 15–20 nm calculated by the BJH (Barrett, Joyner,andHalendar) method at a relative pressure P/P0 of about 1. Although the saturation magnetic moments of samples decreased when the increase of polymer concentration, but the arsenic adsorption capacity of PNA/Fe3O4sample is better than that of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in asolution with pH = 7. In the solution with a pH > 14, the arsenic adsorption of magnetic nanoparticles is insignificant

Lecturer I, Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria. 2008 to 2012 (Job function: Teaching medical students; chemistry of Biomolecules, Bioenergetics, Metabolism of Carbohydrates and supervision of practical Biochemistry, marking scripts, and research) Assistant Lecturer, Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria. 2007-2008 National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) Gombe State 2002-2003 (Senior Secondary School; Biology Teacher) Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health Oyo State. 2000 (Industrial training programme)

One of the major problems in drug delivery to the brain is the difficulty of transporting therapeutic entities across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Consequently, the treatment of many brain-associated disorders through conventional delivery strategies is of limited value. It has been suggested that nanoparticles of poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) (PACA) withdextran may be capable of transporting actives across the BBB. Poly(butyl cyanoacrylate)nanoparticles coated with Polysorbate 80 are biodegradable carriers that have been demonstrated to facilitate the delivery of drugs and peptides across the BBB. This study is aimed towards the formulation of amphiphilicnanocarriersfrom alkyl cyanoacrylate and a modified dextran for improved therapeutic delivery to the brain. Work to date has involved the derivatisation of dextran with alkyl glycidyl ethers (alkyl glycerol has been shown to aid the transport of particles to the brain) and their subsequent formulation with PACA nanoparticles. To facilitate further evaluation of their therapeutic usefulness, nanoparticles have been tagged with various fluorophores; current work is focusing on in vitro studies of the capability of loaded nanoparticles to act as controlled release devices.

Mahmoud GoodarzNaseri has completed his PhD at the age of 33 years from Putra University in Malaysia and postdoctoral studies from Putra University (for 2 years). He is the deputy of faculty of science in Malayer University in Iran. He has published more than 24 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as a reputed reviewer.

In this research, a novel chromium-iron oxide (Cr2Fe6O12) nanoparticle with rhombohedral symmetry was prepared by a simple thermal treatment method.Heat treatment was conducted using an electric cylinder furnace in an air atmosphere at temperatures between 773 and 923 K, where the produced chromium-iron oxide nanoparticles had different crystallite sizes ranging from 9 to 20 nm. The products were well characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray analysis (EDXA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The samples demonstrated a magnetic behavior which was confirmed by using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).

In recent years, significant attention has been given to nonlinear optical phenomena, such as nonlinear optical absorption and dispersion, derived from a driven quantum transition of semiconductor nanostructures, such as semiconductor quantum wells, quantum disks and mainly quantum dots. An important issue that is widely studied is the effect of probe electromagnetic field intensity on the total (nonlinear) absorption coefficient and on the total (nonlinear) index of refraction. Some of the phenomena that are commonly found for large electromagnetic field intensities are the creation of a strong dip in the absorption spectrum near or at resonance (the so-called bleaching effect), negative absorption near or at resonance that leads to optical gain and the change of the slope of the total index of refraction near or at resonance from negative to positive that changes the behavior of the system from fast to slow light. Unfortunately, these phenomena do not exist and are artifacts of a common abuse of the theoretical methodology for the study of the total absorption coefficient and the total index of refraction. The main error is that the total absorption coefficient and the total index of refraction was initially derived from density matrix equations using perturbation theory and includes first-order (linear) as well as third-order (nonlinear) terms. This method gives correct results for small electromagnetic field intensities and it leads to saturation of absorption and dispersion in this regime. However, for larger intensities it gives the misleading results mentioned above due to either failure of the order of perturbation theory considered in the derivation of the total absorption coefficient and the total index of refraction or even failure of perturbation theory at all in the treatment of the problem. In this work, we revisit the problem of the total absorption coefficient and the total index of refraction in a symmetric semiconductor quantum dot structure (we choose the example of a core-shell quantum dot) under a strong probe field excitation. We use the two-level model, solve the relevant density matrix equations under the rotating wave approximation and under steady state conditions, and obtain the correct form of the nonlinear optical susceptibility that is then used for the derivation of the formulae of the total absorption coefficient and the total index of refraction under the interaction with a strong probe field. Actually, the commonly used perturbation theory formulae can be obtained by our formulae using a series expansion and keeping terms up to second order in electric field amplitude. We also derive the electronic structure of the quantum dot system by solving numerically the time-independent Schrödinger equation, under the effective mass approximation, using the potential morphing method and obtain the energy difference and the electric dipole matrix element for the relevant transitions of the quantum dot system. Then, for the specific quantum dot system we compare the results of the total absorption coefficient and the total index of refraction for the two methodologies (the perturbation result and our result) for different electromagnetic field intensities.

The montmorilloniteK10-Cu (II) ethylenediamine (MMTK10-Cu(en)¬2) catalyst has been prepared by intercalation of copper-ethylenediamine [Cu(en)¬2]2+ complex onto the montmorillonite K10. The intercalation process is confirmed by SEM, FTIR, XRD, and TGA measurements. The decolorization of the acid blue29 was conducted using MMTK10-Cu(en)2 in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The effect of different parameters such as the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and the dye and the temperature on the decolorization efficiency was studied. It was found that the efficiency increases with increasing the concentration of reactants and the temperature. The results indicated that complete removal of AB29 was achieved in 15 min when the concentrations of H2O2 and AB29 were 0.4 and 5x10-5 M respectively and 0.1 g of the catalyst at 30°C. The activation parameters of the decolorization process were determined.

A L Stepanov has been with Kazan Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences since 1992. In 1997-1999, he was a Research Fellow at the Sussex University, UK (the Royal Society/NATO). From 1999 to 2003, he was a Research Fellow of the RWTH in Germany (the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation). During 2003-2004, he was granted by Lise Meitner Fellowship (Austrian Scientific Society) in Karl-Franzens-University in Graz. From 2004 to 2011, he was a Research Fellow in Laser Zentrum Hannover in Germany (DAAD, DFG and the AvH). In 2013, he was granted by the National Scholarship of the Slovak Republic.

Porous materials have attracted remarkable concerns and found tremendous importance widespread in both fundamental research and industrial applications. Such materials could be widely used for variety applications as absorbents, lightings, catalysts, and for biological molecular filtration and isolation. One quite known method for preparation of porous semiconductor structures is ion implantation, which was successfully used to create porous germanium layers by Ge+, Bi+ and Sn+ ion irradiation of crystalline germanium substrates. Ion implantation is a well established and an accessible technique all over the world, being mainly used for semiconductor microelectronic device fabrication. Unfortunately, a possibility about Porous Silicon (PSi) fabrication using ion implantation was not completely studied now. At modern time, PSi is considered as a key material in many industrial sectors such as electronics, sensors and photonics. In general, there were only two main technological methods for production of PSi structures – electrochemical etching and chemical stain etching. Additionally, the interest to PSi nanostructures containing noble metal nanoparticles was recently found. Silver nanoparticles are the subject of specific increasing interests due to their strongest plasmon resonance in the visible spectrum. In the present report, a novel technological approach based on low-energy ion implantation is suggested and realized to create PSi layers on the crystalline surface of Si wafers. It is demonstrated that using high-dose Ag-ion implantation of silicon with the energy of 30 keV, the surface PSi structures with silver nanoparticles can be successfully fabricated.

Dr. Osman started his master course in 1998 and has occupied a Research Assistant position at the department of Chemical Engineering in the Istanbul Technical Universityup to 2009. After his Ph.D. he has been visiting scientist in Materials Research CenterLaboratory at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI). During his time at RPI he had worked on number of project about advanced material graphene.He has several papers on this subject. He is currently a member of the academic staff at Istanbul Technical University, where he is senior researcher for synthesis graphene and graphene nanocomposites.

Anodes for lithium batteries include a widevariety of hosts capable of electrochemicalreactions with lithiumsuch as formation of alloys or intercalates. Conventionally,graphite is the preferred anode material exhibiting an intercalationreaction with lithium to yield LiC6(corresponding to atheoretical capacity of 372 mAhg-1. The first such commerciallithium-ion cell constructed with a graphitic anode and LiCoO2 cathode was developed in 1991 by Sony Corporation. Sincethen, there have been significant advancements in the anodechemistry. One of the major thrusts has been in identifying anodes capable of accommodating more lithium ions and hence,delivering higher energy densities. More recently, there hasbeen a significant effort in identifying composite anodes,especially of carbon–silicon, that can combine the stability andelectrical conductivity of carbon with the high specific capacity ofsilicon. This has enabled a steady capacity in excess of1,000 mAhg-1to be achieved over extended cycling. In this study we demonstrate thermally reduced, free-standingporous graphene networks (PGN) as high-capacity anode materials in lithium-ion batteries. We demonstrate anew mechanism in which defects in the graphene lattice act asseed points that initiate plating of lithium metal within theinterior of the porous graphene structure. The network acts as a caged entrapment for lithium metal that prevents dendritic growth,facilitating extended cycling of the electrode.This entrapment oflithium metal results in very high specific capacities and energydensities. When compared with graphitic anodes (commonlyLiC6: capacity 372 mAhg-1, energy density 180 Whkg-1),the PGN delivers capacities of 900 mAhg-1with an energydensity of 547 Whkg-1. Such all-carbon electrodes could potentially offer anenvironmentally friendly solution that does not utilize hazardousmaterials such as Co in battery manufacturing.