Nanotechnology congress & Expo August 11-13, 2015 Frankfurt, Germany

Biography:

Prof. Vaseashta received a PhD from the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA in 1990. He currently serves as Vice Provost for Research at Claflin University and Strategic Advisor/Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Sciences Convergence and International Clean Water Institute at Norwich University Applied Research Institutes. Previously, he served as a Professor of Physics and Physical Sciences and Director of Research at the Nanomaterials Processing and Characterization Laboratories, Graduate Program in Physical Sciences at Marshall University. Concurrently, he holds a visiting/distinguished Professorship at the 3 Nano-SAE Research Centre, University of Bucharest, Romania; Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Chisinau, Moldova; and at the Helen and Martin Kimmel Center of Nanoscale Science at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel. In 2007-08, he was detailed as a William C. Foster fellow to the Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation at the US Department of State working with the Office of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Terrorism and Foreign Consequence Management program. He also served (2009-13) as Franklin Fellow and strategic S&T advisor in the office of Verification and Transparency Technologies/Arms Verification and Control in the Bureau of Arms Control Verification and Compliance, Office of Verification and Transparency Technologies at the US Department of State. He is a fellow of the American Physical Society, Institute of Nanotechnology, and New York Academy of Sciences. He was awarded Gold medal by the Armenian National Polytechnic University (formerly State Engineering University of Armenia) for his contribution to Nanotechnology. In addition, he has earned several other fellowships and awards for his meritorious service including 2004/2005 Distinguished Artist and Scholar award. His research interests include; counterterrorism, unconventional warfare, critical-Infrastarture protection, biosecurity, advanced and nano materials for development of chemical-bio sensors/detectors, environmental pollution monitoring/detecting and remediation, and green nanotechnology. He authored over 200 research publications, edited/authored six books on nanotechnology, presented many keynote and invited lectures worldwide, served as the Director of four NATO Advanced Study Institutes/Advanced Research workshops supported by Emerging Security Challenges Division of the Science for Peace and Security, and co-chair of an International Symposium on Nanotechnology and Environmental Pollution Prevention (ISNEPP). He led the U.S. position on Nanotechnology in High Technology Coordination Group to joint US and India delegation. In addition, he served as a member of the U.S. Department of Commerce, NIST, and ANSI delegation to the U.K. representing the U.S. position on Standards in Nanotechnologies at the inaugural meeting of the ISO/TAG to TC-229. He is a member of NATO-SET-040, an exploratory team panel investigating security and surveillance applications of nanotechnology. He serves as an expert counsel to the UNESCO, ObservatoryNANO, and COSENT – south-east consortium on Nanotechnologies on NANO-Science and Technologies. He is an active member of several national and international professional organizations.

Abstract:

Clean water is at the very core of human survival.Aquatic contamination occurs for multiple reasons ranging from taking the water sources for granted, negligence in waste disposal, deliberate contamination, and technological innovations outpacing development of effective guidelines for life-cycle management and regulations to properly recycle/reuse/dispose commercial products, especially prepared using nanoparticles. Elsewhere, we presented potential toxicity of nanosizedparticles of stannum dioxide, cerium dioxide, silver and iron oxide using model of the sea urchin Paracentrotuslividus, Zebra Fish and theiroff springs. Passage through membranous barriers via the digestive tract to the coelomic fluid is the subject of ongoing study using biomarkers, such as coelomic fluid inside coelomocytes (uptake), cholinesterase activity, and using expression of stress-related proteins (HSP70) and Gonads morphological features.A strategic S&T focus of the ICWI is to identify, assess, and recommend revolutionary conceptual Chem.-Bio Defense solutions and provide strategic solution pathways using field-ready technologies. Ongoing research aims to detect, counter, and mitigate potential security threats and is at the core of our current and ongoing investigations. Aquatic (nano)ecotoxicity is arguably the least understood and requires systematic investigation. An outline of dispersion and characterization methodologies of harmful NPs (weaponized NPs)in different aqueous media will be presented along with acute toxicity and risk assessment methodologies. We present our research activities on genotyping and sequencing genetically modified biological systems which are crucial to identify such risks, and trophic transfer and biosecurity implications of NPs and GMOs dispersed intentionally.

Biography:

Hari Shanker Sharma, (Swedish Citizen), Director of Int. Expt. CNS Injury & Repair (IECNSIR); Professor of Neurobiology (MRC); Docent in Neuroanatomy (UU) is currently working in Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University, Sweden. Dr Sharma obtained his Ph D in Neuroscience in 1982 from Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India and Dr med Sci from Uppsala University in 1999. He has published over 300 peer reviewed research articles (ISI database h-index 36) related to Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration in relation to the Blood-brain barrier in stress, trauma, and drugs of abuse in health and disease. His research on brain pathology and neuroprotection in different model is supported by Laerdal Foundation of Acute Medicine, Stavanger, Norway; role of nanoparticles in neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection for treatment strategies from European Aerospace Research & Development (EOARD), London, UK and US Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Oh, USA; drug abuse research and neuroprotection from National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA); National Institute of Health (NIH).\\r\\n

Abstract:

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) induced brain pathology is instrumental in causing functional and behavioral disturbances in patients. Research reports in AD suggest deposition of amyloid--peptide (ABP) within the brain could be instrumental in precipitating the pathophysiology of AD. Chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of ABP in rats thus results in AD like symptoms in rat model. To reduce the toxic effects of ABP and to enhance neurorepair we used a multimodal drug Cerebrolsyin (Ever NeuroPharma) that is a balanced composition of various neurotrophic factors and active peptide fragments in our AD model. Infusion of ABP (1-40) intraventricularly (i.c.v.) in the left lateral ventricle 250 ng/10 µl once daily for 4 weeks resulted in ABP deposits in cortex and in hippocampus and associated with an increased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity, loss of myelin basic protein (MBP) and leakage of albumin in these brain areas. Nissl stain showed marked neuronal loss or distortion in areas showing ABP deposition. The behavioral disturbances on Rota Rod performances and inclined plane angle tests showed significant deterioration along with the ability to retrieve platform in water maze tests in ABP infused rats.\\r\\n\\r\\nInfusion of Cerebrolysin (25 µl, i.c.v.) starting from 1 week after the onset (but not 2 weeks) of ABP infusion daily and terminated 1 week before ABP last infusion, significantly reduced brain pathology improved the behavioral functions. Interestingly, TiO2-naonowired Cerebrolsyin administration 2 weeks after ABP infusion daily for 1 week only resulted in marked neuroprotection and significantly improved behavioral functions. Our observations clearly suggest that (i) Cerebrolsyin administration if given during a critical therapeutic time window is able to attenuate AD pathology, and (ii) nanodelivery of cerebrolysin has superior effects and extended therapeutic window in AD. The possible mechanisms and functional significance of our findings will be discussed.\\r\\n\\r\\n*Supported by grants from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (EOARD, London, UK), and Air Force Material Command, USAF, under grant number FA8655-05-1-3065; Swedish Medical Research Council (Nr 2710-HSS).\\r\\n

Biography:

Abstract:

We study the photoluminescence (PL) and spontaneous emission of semiconductor nanoparticles doped in a metamaterial heterostructure. Metamaterials are a new class of artificial materials with optical properties determined by their classical atomic composition and nanoscale organization of their structural components. Metamaterials have unique electromagnetic properties which cannot be obtained from naturally occurring materials. Recently, metamaterials based on periodic arrangements of metallic nanocomposites have received special attention. They possess simultaneously negative effective dielectric permittivity and magnetic permeability for a range of frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum. It is well known that the negative electric permittivity in noble metals leads to the formation of surface plasmon which may generate exceptionally strong localized electromagnetic fields. Heterostructures studies here are formed by fabricating a split-ring resonator and metallic rod metamaterial on a dielectric substrate. An ensemble of quantum dots (QDs) is doped near the interface in the heterostructure. The QDs interact with surface plasmon polaritons of the heterostructure. PL spectrum and spontaneous decay of excitons in the QD are studied. Our results indicate that the PL and spontaneous emission of the QDs are enhanced in the presence of the metamaterial when the exciton and surface plasmon frequencies are resonant. These findings are consistent with recent experimental studies. The present study can be used to make new types of nanoscale optical devices for sensing, switching and imaging applications based on metamaterials.\\\\r\\\\n