Nanotechnology congress & Expo August 11-13, 2015 Frankfurt, Germany

Biography:

Kimihisa Yamamoto received PhD degrees from Waseda University in Polymer Chemistry in 1990. He joined the Department of Chemistry at Keio University from 1997 as professor. Currently, he is a professor in the Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology since 2010. His present research interests are in developing supra-metallomolecules for nanosynthesizers involving nanoparticles, subnanoparticles and superatoms.

Abstract:

We show that tinchlorides, SnCl2 and FeCl3 complexes to the imines groups of a spherical polyphenyl- azomethine dendrimer in a stepwise fashion according to an electron gradient, with complexation in a more peripheral generation proceeding only after complexation in generations closer to the core has been completed. The metal-assembly in a discrete molecule can be converted to a size-regulated metal cluster with a size smaller than 1 nm as a molecular reactor. Due to the well-defined number of metal clusters in the subnanometer size region, its property is much different from that of bulk or general metal nanoparticles. Dendrimers are highly branched organic macromolecules with successive layers or “generations” of branch units surrounding a central core. Organic inorganic hybrid versions have also been produced, by trapping metal ions or metal clusters within the voids of the dendrimers. Their unusual, tree-like topology endows these nanometre-sized macromolecules with a gradient in branch density from the interior to the exterior, which can be exploited to direct the transfer of charge and energy from the dendrimer periphery to its core. Here we show that tin ions, Sn2+, complex to the imines groups of a spherical polyphenylazomethine dendrimer in a stepwise fashion according to an electron gradient, with complexation in a more peripheral generation proceeding only after complexation in generations closer to the core has been completed. By attaching an electron-withdrawing group to the dendrimer core, we are able to change the complexation pattern, so that the core imines are complexed last. By further extending this strategy, it should be possible to control the number and location of metal ions incorporated into dendrimer structures, which might and uses as tailored catalysts, building blocks, or fine-controlled clusters for advanced materials(Figure 1).

Biography:

Theoni obtained a BSc in Chemistry from the University of Cyprus in 2001, followed by a PhD in 2006 in Polymer Chemistry entitled “Star polymers for gene delivery and star-based polymeric networks” under the supervision of Professor Costas Patrickios. She then worked as a Postdoctoral Fellow with Professor Antonios G. Mikos at the Department of Bioengineering at Rice University in the USA. She worked on “Polymeric materials for tissue engineering” and on “Degradable polymers for gene delivery”. In October 2007, after she was awarded an RCUK Academic Fellowship, she moved to UK to join the Department of Chemistry at the University of Hull. In January 2014 she joined the Department of Materials at Imperial College. Her research interests involve synthesis and characterisation of polymers and their evaluation in a variety of applications like drug delivery, gene delivery, photothermal therapy etc. She is also interested in the self-assembly of multiblock copolymers, gels and stabilising dispersions or particles by using polymeric macrosurfactants.

Abstract:

Thermoresponsive polymers have a broad range of biomedical applications including tissue engineering as injectable gels. In our group we have synthesised and characterised a variety of thermoresponsive multiblock copolymers where the structural parameters (molecular weight, composition, architecture, chemistry) where systematically varied. These structural parameters of the polymers affected the physical-chemical properties of the polymers and their self-assembly behaviour as well as their ability to form injectable gels. For example the optimum molecular weight was found to be around 7000 g/mol and the optimum hydrophobic content around 35 wt%. Interestingly the architecture, specifically the position of the hydrophobic block within the polymer also influenced the thermoresponsive, sol-gel transition of the polymer and it was demonstrated that the best transition was achieved when the hydrophobic block was in the middle of the polymer. In summary the results were able to demonstrate that the gelation temperature can easily be tailored that is essential for the application.

Biography:

Bálint obtained aa Ph.D. in 2004 in Physics from the EcolePolytechniqueFédérale de Lausanneunder the supervision of Prof. LászlóForró. He then worked as a Postdoctoral Fellow with Professor Bernhard Keimer at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart, Germany. He obtained the Fellowships for prospective researchers of the SNSF. Since 2011 he is a scientist at the Institute of Condensed Matter Physics of Ecolepolytechniquefédérale de Lausanne. His research interest involves spintronics and quantum magnetism. He is also interested in carbon nanomaterials and organic-inorganic halide perovskites.

Abstract:

The electron spin lifetime in an assembly of chemically synthesized graphene sheets was found to be extremely long at room temperature but also extremely sensitive to oxygen. Introducing small concentrations of physisorbed O2 onto the graphene surface reduced the exceptionally long 140 ns electron spin lifetime by an order of magnitude. This effect was completely reversible: removing the O2 by dynamic vacuum restored the spin lifetime. The presence of covalently bound oxygen also decreased the electron spin lifetime in graphene, although to a far lesser extent compared to physisorbed O2. The conduction electrons in graphene were found to play a significant role by counter-balancing the spin depolarization caused by oxygen molecules. Our results highlight the importance of chemical environment control and device packing in practical graphene based spintronic applications.

Biography:

Hiroyuki Wada is an associate professor of Department of Innovative and Engineered Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology (2005 to preset). His research is related to optical nanoparticles. He received the Bachelor of Engineering in 1990, Master of Engineering in 1992 from Tokyo Institute of Technology. He was a researcher of Sony Corporation and investigated laser and laser process (1992–2005). He was a visiting researcher of Stanford University in 2001. He received Doctor of Engineering in 2003 from Tokyo Institute of Technology. He was a visiting professor of Carnegie Mellon University (2006–2007).

Abstract:

In recent years, extensive research on nanoparticles has been conducted due to their unique physical properties and potential applications. Many nanoparticles preparation techniques such as precipitation method exist. One of unique methods is ‘laser ablation in liquid,’ which creates nanoparticles by the irradiation of focused pulse laser to a target in liquid. The prepared nanoparticles are highly crystalline. Multielement nanoparticles are easily prepared by this method. One of attractive nanoparticles is upconversion one. Upconversion nanoparticles emit visible light by an excitation of near-infrared (IR) light. Study on solar cell showed increase in the conversion efficiency by wavelength conversion of light from IR to visible region. Study on cancer treatment using photodynamic therapy (PDT) indicated that irradiation of near-IR light to cancer cells solved the problems. In this talk, preparation of upconversion nanoparticles and application in biomedical fields related to our studies were reviewed. Upconversion nanoparticles were prepared by laser ablation in liquid. Target Y2O3:Er,Yb was prepared by co-precipitation method. Laser was Nd:YAG/SHG. Prepared nanoparticles were investigated by XRD, SEM, STEM and DLS. Optical properties were measured by fluorospectrometer. In-vitro experiments using cancer cells were performed to examine the effect of PDT. XRD patterns showed highly crystalline Y2O3:Er,Yb nanoparticles without byproducts were prepared by this method. SEM images indicated that coarse and fine nanoparticles were prepared at the same time. Upconversion spectra showed that typical red and green emission of Er3+ was observed at an excitation of near-IR light. Cancer cells were killed irradiation of near-IR to upconversion nanoparticles and photosensitizer

Biography:

Recently, Graphene Nanoribbon Field Effect Transistors (GNR FETs) is attracting a great deal of attention due to their better performance in comparison with conventional devices. In this paper, channel length Modulation (CLM) effect on the electrical characteristics of GNR FETs is analytically studied and modeled. To this end, the spatial distribution of the electric potential along the channel and current-voltage characteristic of the device are modeled. The obtained results of analytical model are compared against the experimental data of published works. As a result, it is observable that considering the effect of CLM, the current-voltage response of GNR FET is more realistic.

Abstract:

Mehdi Saeidmanesh is a PhD student at UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia (UTM),Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computational Nanoelectronics Research Group (CoNE). His research interest includes analytical modeling of graphene based devices such as graphene FETs, and graphene gas/bio sensors. He has managed to publish more than 20 papers in reputed journals as the first and co-author.

Biography:

Takashi Tokuamsu has completed his Ph.D at the age of 28 years old from the University of Tokyo and was postdoctoral fellow in this University in one year. He moves to Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University as a research assistant in 1999, promoted to lecturer in 2003, associate professor in 2005. He is an associate professor of Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University. He researches about nanoscale transport phenomena and has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals and more than 100 times presentation in international conferences.

Abstract:

Polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) is expected to be a next power-supply system. In PEFC, water is generated from hydrogen and oxygen and electrical power is generated. To achieve higher performance of PEFC, the reaction materials, that is hydrogen, oxygen and water molecules, should transfer in Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) as fast as possible. Therefore, it is very important to obtain the knowledge about the mechanism or characteristics of transport phenomena of these materials in MEA to design a high performance PEFC. However, these phenomena cannot be analyzed by conventional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations based on continuum theory because the MEA consists of gas diffusion layer (GDL), micro porous layer (MPL), catalyst layer (CL) and polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM), which have very fine structures whose size is of the order from nanometer to micrometer, and the reactant or product materials transport in the fine structures. Molecular simulation is a suitable scheme to analyze such flow phenomena. In this study we analyzed the nanoscale transport phenomena of the materials in MEA of PEFC by large scale molecular simulations, such as quantum calculation or molecular dynamics simulation. Especially, transport phenomena of proton and water in PEM, oxygen permeability or proton conductivity of ionomer in CL, and transport phenomena of water droplet in a nano pore were simulated, and the nanoscale transport characteristics were analyzed in detail to achieve the design of new concept of MEA for next generation PEFC.

Biography:

Kuniharu Takei received a Ph.D in electrical engineering from Toyohashi University of Technology in Japan in 2009. After working as a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, Berkeley, he joined the faculty of Osaka Prefecture University in Japan, where he is currently an assistant professor of the department of physics and electronics. He has been assigned as an editorial board member of Scientific Reports and an associate editor of Nanoscale Research Letters. He is one of MIT Technology Review 35 Innovators under 35 in 2013.

Abstract:

Flexible electronics is of great interest in the next class of devices for wearable, human-interactive, and prosthesis/robotic applications. In fact, many efforts for the flexible devices using organic and/or inorganic materials have been conducted by developing fabrication methods and flexible materials. The important requirements to realize practical flexible and wearable devices are (1) high performance, (2) low-cost, (3) low power consumption, (4) system integration, and (5) comfortability. Our research focuses on the achievement of above requirements using a printing method of inorganic nanomaterials onto a flexible substrate. In this talk, mainly printed sensor and logic circuitry on a flexible substrate are discussed. For printed sensors, strain, temperature, and ultraviolet light sensors are introduced for the applications of wearable health monitoring and robotic devices. For a logic circuitry, complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuitry is demonstrated with relatively high voltage gain and mobility. However, it should be noted that the flexible CMOS circuitry was fabricated by using a standard semiconductor infrastructures because the technique to obtain fine patterning and high quality of metal, semiconductor, and insulator materials via printing methods is limited. Finally, some proof-of-concept devices based on these inorganic-based flexible devices are introduced.

Biography:

Prof. Ching-Fuh Lin is a Fellow of IEEE, a Fellow of SPIE, and Member of Asia-Pacific Academy of Materials. He obtained his MS and PhD degrees in electrical engineering from Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, in 1989 and 1993, respectively. He is now the Director of Innovative Photonics Advanced Research Center (i-PARC) and a joint distinguished professor in the Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, and Department of Electrical Engineering at National Taiwan University, Taipei, R.O.C. He has published over 160 journal papers and 460 conference papers, and holds more than 60 patents.

Abstract:

White light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) have gained considerable attention owing to its great potential in energy saving. Nevertheless, current available methods for WLEDs are mostly based on environmentally hostile and expensive rare-earth-element (REE) doped phosphors. REE mining, refining and disposal would cause a tremendous harm to the environment. Therefore, we explore environmental benign fluorescence materials for warm-WLEDs. We integrate ZnO and ZnS:Mn semiconductor nanoparticles with polymeric material poly(9,9-di-n- hexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl). The resultant nanocomposites can be endowed with three different photon-emitting mechanisms corresponding to blue, green and orange emissions, respectively. Consequently, white light can be generated from the nanocomposites upon UV-LED excitations and exhibits widely tunable color temperatures, ranging from 2100 K to above 6000 K. The light emission from the nanocomposites can have very low color temperature, similar to candle light, which is good for human health. A warm-white light emission with 90% high quantum efficiency has been demonstrated under the commercial UV-LED excitation. We also successfully develop an innovative II-VI nanoparticles without quantum-confinement effect to emit fluorescence light under 450 nm-LED excitation. Because the photo-physical behavior is not restricted by quantum confinement, the nanoparticles can exhibit a strong absorption at 453 nm, which well matches the wavelength of commercial blue-LEDs (450-460 nm). Also, the ZnSe:Mn nanoparticles can efficiently convert blue light (440-460 nm ) to orange light (580 nm). The proposed REE-free nanotechnology-based materials not only achieve the eco-friendly purpose, but also provide a promising solution to conquer the health issues involved in current blue-YAG-LED lighting.

Biography:

Bashouti received his bachelor degrees in chemistry at the Hebrew University/Israel. Bashouti has completed his direct Ph.D. in the physical chemistry from the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology (IIT). He held a postdoctoral position at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light at Erlangen (Germany) where he worked on the optoelectronic materials with special emphasis on tailoring and characterization of their surface properties. He has published more than 28 papers in peer-reviewed publications, more than 770 citations and an h-index of 13. He serves as an editorial board member of repute journals.

Abstract:

Silicon Nanowires (Si NWs) are a promising candidate for the realization of highly integrated electronic, photonic and optoelectronic devices as well as for fundamental studies in natural sciences. As the dimensions are scaled down to nano-regime, the surface and interface area of the Si NW become more critical – to the level that they might control the whole semiconductor (opto)electronic properties. It is therefore essential to understand the surface properties and charge exchange between the NW surfaces and their bulk on a microscopic level. The lecture will be divided into three sections: (i) the growth of Si NW, (ii) engineering procedures and characterization of the surface properties, and (iii) the integration of the Si NWs into device prototypes. In particular for Si NWs, we will show bottom-up vapor–liquid solid growth as well as a top-down approach by reactive ion etching. Surface engineering is based on methods such as electro-grafting, laser-writing, and wet/dry chemical etching. The main analytical tool adopted in our research towards this goal is photoelectron spectroscopy. Band diagrams will be extracted from based on this analysis and correlated with electrical and material properties of the Si NWs. Along this route, we have developed a new surface electron doping technique based on a combination of work function engineering and physisorption of appropriate dopant molecules. The perspectives of our results for Si NW based devices, specifically with respect to efficiency enhancement of hybrid organic-inorganic solar-cells and field effect transistor, will be discussed.

Biography:

Carlos Brites is graduated in Physics and Chemistry teaching (Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal), master in Optoelectronics and Lasers (University of Oporto, Portugal) and completed his PhD in 2012 at CICECO/ Physics Department, University of Aveiro, Portugal and ICMA/ Physics of Condensed Matter Department, University of Zaragoza, Spain, working on “Self-Referencing Thermometry at the Nanoscale”. Since 2013 is a Post-Doctoral fellowship in CICECO/ Departamento de Física, Universidade de Aveiro, He has published more than 10 papers in reputed journals and serving as an regular reviewer of more than 15 journals.

Abstract:

There is an increasing demand for accurate, non-invasive and self-reference temperature measurements as technology progresses into the nanoscale. This is particularly so in micro- and nanofluidics where the comprehension of heat transfer and thermal conductivity mechanisms can play a crucial role in areas as diverse as energy transfer and cell physiology.The integration of optics and micro/nanofluidic devices to provide novel functionalities in nanosystems is stimulating a promising new area of optofuidics, for nanomedicine and energy. Despite promising progress precision control of fluid temperature by accounting for local temperature gradients, heat propagation and accurate temperature distributions have not yet been satisfactorily addressed, e.g., investigating heat transfer mechanisms in nanofluids or mapping temperature distributions within living cells. The major obstacle for this has been the unavailability of a thermometer with the following requirements (that should be simultaneously satisfied): (i) high temperature resolution (<0.5 K); (ii) ratiometric temperature output; (iii) high spatial resolution (<3 μm); (iv) functional independency of changes in pH, ionic strength and surrounding biomacromolecules; and (v) concentration-independent output. The most suitable class of thermometers to fulfil these requirements are the luminescent ones. In this talk we will present a general overview on thermometry at the nanoscale highlighting the main achievements and limitations on luminescent based thermometers, focusing on the new results published recently about nanoplatforms integrated heaters and thermometers.

Biography:

Prof. Pedro Gomez-Romero (Ph.D. in Chemistry, Georgetown University, USA, 1987, with Distinction). CSIC Researcher since 1990. Sabbatical at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA (1998-99). Presently, Full Research Professor (2006-) and Group Leader of NEO-Energy lab at ICN2 (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (2007-). Expert on hybrid organic-inorganic nanostructures, nanocomposite materials for energy storage and conversion (lithium batteries, supercapacitors, flow batteries, solar-thermal energy, nanofluids). Author of ca. 200 publications. Scientific editor of the book "Functional Hybrid Materials" P. Gómez-Romero, C. Sanchez (Eds.) (Wiley-VCH 2004) and author of two award-winning popular science books

Abstract:

If nanotechnology is an Enabling Technology, Energy Storage is also increasingly recognized as a key technology to enable our ongoing transition to a sustainable energy model. Electrochemical energy storage will be key to this transition but is still far from optimal. That is why there is still plenty of room for novel types of materials in this trade. Hybrid Nanocomposite Materials offer opportunities for synergy and improved properties.Those formed by electroactive and conducting components are of particular interest for energy storage applications. We have developed a whole line of work dealing with hybrid electroactive and conductive materials for energy storage applications. In this conference we will address some of our recent work towards hybridizing energy storage discussing hybrid electrodes formed by nanocarbons and polyoxometalates or oxides. Furthermore, we will show how hybrids can be designed to take advantage of dual energy storage mechanisms by combining the typical capacitive behavior of supercapacitors with the characteristic faradaic activities of batteries.

Biography:

Kazutaka IKEDA received his Ph.D. from Tohoku University in 2006. During his Ph.D. and postdoctoral studies at Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, he was also a research fellow for young scientists of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. After serving as an assistant professor at the same institute, he moved to Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) as a research associate professor. His current research interests include material design of hydrogen storage materials and structural study by comprehensive use of multi-probes such as high intensity neutrons and synchrotron light.

Abstract:

A high intensity neutron total diffractometer, NOVA, at J-PARC realizes new opportunity to study atomicdistribution in various materials. Short timeand small sample measurements are feasible for averaged structure analysis, and the realspace resolution is enough for local structure (Pair Distribution Function) analysis.Crystalline structure as well as amorphous and liquid structure was investigated by NOVA for AlD3, LaDx and LiAl(ND2)4. Also, time-transient measurement during hydrogen absorption and desorption process under hydrogen/deuterium gas atmosphere (max 10 MPa) is performed on NOVA, using a tight cell made from single crystal sapphire. The diffraction profiles of powder samples in the tight cell are obtained by removing the Bragg peaks of the single crystal sapphire. Absorption was carried out by submitting Pd powder to a deuterium pressure of 2 MPa at 393 K and letting it absorb with its own kinetics in quasi-equilibrium conditions. The time-divided neutron diffraction profiles during the deuterium absorption reaction revealed that the phase continuously transforms from metal Pd through alpha-PdDx to beta-PdD~0.7 in a few seconds.Some of recent results for structural study of promising hydrogen storage materials on NOVA will be presented. This work was partially supported by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) under “Advanced Fundamental Research Project on Hydrogen Storage Materials (HydroStar)” and “Feasibility Study on Advanced Hydrogen Storage Materials for Automotive Applications (2012)”, JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 23686101, 24241034, 15K13810 and the Neutron Scattering Program Advisory Committee of IMSS, KEK (Proposal No. 2009S06, 2014S06).

Biography:

Valérie Keller is a senior scientist at ICPEES (Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health) in Strasbourg. She received her Ph.D. degree in Chemistry and Catalysis from the University Louis Pasteur of Strasbourg in 1993. In 1996 she returned to Strasbourg and was appointed as researcher in CNRS, where she is now responsible of the Team “Photocatalysis and Photoconversion”. In 2012 she was promoted as Director of Research. Her main research activities concern photocatalysis for environmental, energy and health applications, and the synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials for photoconversion purposes. She is the author of over 95 publications in peer-reviewed journals and more than 50 oral communications in international conferences and symposium. She is also the author of 15 patents. In 2013 she was awarded the 1st Price of the Strategic Reflection (awarded by the French Home Secretary)

Abstract:

Nowadays, the major challenge is to find new environmentally friendly ways to produce energy that may cover the global consumption. The direct conversion of solar energy though an energy carrier (fuel), storable and usable upon request, appears as an interesting alternative. Photocatalysis is an innovative and promising way to produce pure hydrogen from renewable energy sources. Indeed, the water dissociation (water-splitting) highlighted by Fujishima and Honda in a photoelectrocatalytic cell opened a promising way to produce hydrogen from light energy. In our study, we will focus on a photocatalytic TiO2-based system associated with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4). With a band gap of 2.7 eV, g-C3N4 allows the valorization of an important part of the visible light spectra in the context of water splitting. TiO2 powder is obtained via a “sol-gel” process and g-C3N4 was obtained via a thermal polycondensation reaction of specific nitrogen-containing precursors. g-C3N4/TiO2 nanocomposites were obtained either (i) by introducing g-C3N4 (as synthesized) during the sol-gel synthesis of TiO2 or (ii) by introducing TiO2 (as synthetized) during the g-C3N4 synthesis. Gold nanoparticles were synthesized - directly onto the TiO2, the g-C3N4 and the g-C3N4/TiO2 support – by chemical reduction of the HAuCl4 precursor in an excess of NaBH4. The synthesis of new nanostructured composites allowed us to achieve better hydrogen production yield than the reference Au/TiO2 and Au/g-C3N4 samples. Future goals are to find the optimal amount of Au on the Au/g-C3N4/TiO2 composites but also the optimal amount of g-C3N4.

Biography:

Masayoshi Tonouchi received the Dr. E. degrees form Osaka University in 1988. From 1988 to 1996 he worked at Osaka University, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Communications Research Laboratory. From 2000, he has been a professor of Osaka University and a concurrent professor of Nanjing University since 2005. His current research interests include ultrafast optical and terahertz science of strongly correlated electron systems, optical interfaces for single-flux-quantum circuits, and development-and-applications of terahertz systems such as the laser terahertz emission microscope. He is a member of the Optical Society of America, the Japan Society of Applied Physics, the Physical Society of Japan.

Abstract:

Recent progress on terahertz (THz) science and technology attracts much attention to scientists in broad area but also to the general public for new applications . THz waves covers around from 300GHz to 30THz in frequency, which corresponds to 10m to 1mm in wavelength. The values are vastly larger than nanoscales. Nevertheless, we’ve been proposing to create new scientific field as terahertz nanoscience. This is because the links between THz science and nanoscience are so strong. Examples are THz quantum cascade lasers (QCLs), ultrafast carrier dynamics in solids, hydration dynamics in biomolecules and medicines, and so on. THz QCLs are strong THz source and made of multiple layers of quantum wells viz. nanostructure. Various kinds of carrier scattering times in solid state for electronics application distributes from several ten femtoseconds to a few picoseconds whereas 1THz corresponds to 1ps. Hydration time to some molecules are also in similar time scales. Typical energy for intermolecular interaction of large molecules lies in the range of meV, which also corresponds to THz region. In the present work, we give an overview of THz nanoscience and recent progress of our own research such as laser THz emission microscope.

Biography:

Iwao Kawayama received the B. S., M. S. and D. S. degrees in chemistry from Osaka University in 1995, 1997 and 2000, respectively. During 2000-2001, he stayed in RIKEN as a postdoctoral fellow. In 2001, he joined Research Center for Superconductor Photonics in Osaka University, and this center was merged with the Institute of Laser Engineering in 2004. His research interests include development of terahertz photonic devices with superconductors, semiconductors and nanomaterials.

Abstract:

Electrical and optical properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials are known to be affected by the adsorption of gas molecules, which can be used for developing a highly sensitive gas sensor. Thus, any device design using 2D nanomaterials has to take into consideration absorbed gas molecules, and device performance needs to be evaluated in terms of environmental influence. In this study, we observed absorption and desorption dynamics on 2D nanomaterials such as graphene and WS2 using laser terahertz emission spectroscopy (LTES) and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). We found that the waveforms of terahertz radiation from 2D nanomaterial-coated semiconductors sensitively change with the type of the atmospheric gas and the laser illumination time [1]. The change of the terahertz waveforms in different environmental gases can be explained by modification of the surface depletion-layer potential of semiconductors due to the surface dipole induced by the adsorbed gas molecules. Moreover, additional UV light illumination enhances the change of terahertz waveforms in oxygen, apparently due to photo-oxidation of 2D nanomaterials. We also performed terahertz time-domain spectroscopy study of graphene on various terahertz-transparent substrates at various temperatures. We found that the terahertz optical conductivity spectrum changed owing to molecular desorption from graphene. I will discuss detailed experimental results and potential of terahertz spectroscopy as an evaluation tool for 2D nanomaterials.

Biography:

Stephane Boubanga Tombet received his PhD degree in condensed matter physics from Montpellier 2 University in 2008. From 2008 to 2009, he worked for Montpellier 2 University as a teacher and research assistant. From 2009 to 2011, he joined the Research Institute of Electrical Communication (RIEC), Tohoku University, as a postdoctoral researcher. He worked at Los Alamos National Labs as a postdoctoral researcher until Jun 2013. He is currently working as an Associate Professor at the RIEC, Tohoku University. His current research interests include III-V based plasmonics THz emitters and receivers, gaphene active plasmonics and their terahertz applications.

Abstract:

This paper reviews recent advances in the development of plasmon-resonant terahertz (THz) emitters and detectors and their THz system applications. Two-dimensional (2D) plasmon resonance is introduced as the operation principle for broadband emission and detection of THz radiation. Two-dimensional plasmons in submicron transistors have attracted much attention due to their ability to promote emission and detection of electromagnetic radiation in THz range. Coherent plasmonic THz emission can be obtained by the plasma wave instability mechanisms like Dyakonov–Shur Doppler-shift model, but it suffers from incoherent broadband emission at 300K originated from thermally excited hot plasmons. On the other hand, hydrodynamic nonlinearities of 2D plasmons in high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) are promising for fast and sensitive rectification/detection of THz radiation, which are suffering, however, from poor sensitivity in the case of grating-gate-type broadband antenna structures. In order to cope with these problems, we propose an asymmetric, chirped-dual-grating-gate (AC-DGG) HEMT structure. In comparison with conventional symmetric DGG structure, the asymmetric DGG exhibits substantially improved sensitivity and emissivity. Excellent THz emission and detection performances including coherent monochromatic emission at frequencies above 1 THz and the record detection responsivity of 6.4 kV/W at 1 THz and 21.5 kV/W at 0.3 THz were experimentally demonstrated. The fabricated AC-DGG HEMT detectors were used for nondestructive material evaluations based on THz imaging successfully reproducing the 2D images of the inside of an IC card, soap bars in a plastic bag, etc.

Biography:

Dmitry Turchinovich received his PhD in Physics from the University of Freiburg in 2004. After a post-doctoral stay at Utrecht University he moved to Technical University of Denmark, where he was faculty until 2014. Since 2012 Dr. Turchinovich is heading the “Ultrafast dynamics and Terahertz spectroscopy” research group at Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Mainz, Germany. Dmitry Turchinovich has published over 35 journal papers and serves on the committees of several international conferences. Dr. Turchinovich is a recipient of several prestigious grants such as Gottfried Daimler- und Karl Benz Stiftung Fellowship and European Union Career Integration Grant.

Abstract:

In this presentation we will review the electron dynamics in graphene subject to ultrafast, picosecond-timescale electrical signals [1-4]. The conduction properties of graphene in such ultrafast fields, corresponding to terahertz (THz) field oscillation frequencies, is crucial for understanding and prediction of graphene performance in ultra-high-speed (opto-)electronic devices such as THz transistors, modulators, detectors etc. The physical picture of ultrafast (photo-)conduction in graphene will be presented, and its consequences for graphene performance in various ultra-high-speed electronics applications will be discussed.

Biography:

Max Eisele has been working since 2011 as a PhD student in the group of Rupert Huber at the University of Regensburg, where he has developed a novel ultrafast microscope tracing femtosecond dynamics of low-energy elementary excitations at the surface of nanometer-sized solids. Max Eisele studied physics at the Technical University of Munich and at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, where he worked on femtosecond electron emission from sharp metal tips.

Abstract:

Understanding the underlying physical properties of solid state systems has always been the key challenge in disentangling the origins of complex emergent phenomena like high-temperature superconductivity, insulator-to-metal phase transitions and charge density waves. Such effects strongly depend on the precise interplay between low-energy excitations such as phonons, excitons and plasmons. The development of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy has provided a way to directly couple to these far to mid-infrared excitations and study their dynamics with the ultimate time resolution – faster than a single cycle of light. However, the spatial resolution of far-field terahertz studies is intrinsically limited to the scale of the probing wavelength by diffraction. Scattering-type near-field scanning optical microscopy (s-NSOM) has the potential to overcome this limitation. Here, we demonstrate a unique combination of ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy with s-NSOM. Phase-stable mid-infrared pulses are scattered off the tip of an atomic force microscope and detected by electro-optic sampling, enabling the observation of the oscillating electric near-field with 10-nm spatial resolution and 10-fs temporal resolution. We apply our novel microscope to study the ultrafast local carrier dynamics in an indium arsenide nanowire. By resolving the oscillating scattered near-field as a function of pump-probe delay time and position, we record an ultrafast movie of the local evolution of the electron density with sub-cycle time resolution. The development of field-sensitive spectroscopy with sub-nanoparticle spatial resolution marks the dawn of a new era for sub-cycle measurements, where nanoscale experiments can be envisioned for virtually any process suitable for time-resolved studies in the mid-infrared.

Biography:

Beata Kalska-Szostko Professional Experience Include: 2003 - now: University of Bialystok, Institute of Chemistry, adiunkt. Set- up of the nanotechnology laboratory. The experimental work on synthesis and electrodeposition of nanomaterials. Structural and magnetic characterization of the nanomaterials. Experience in: - synthesis of the nanoparticles, - electrodeposition of the nanowires, - scanning electron microscopy, - atomic force microscopy, - Mssbauer spectroscopy. 2001 - 2003: Free University Berlin, Institute of Experimentalphysics, post-doc. Participation in the RTN European network "Correlation of Structure and Magnetism in Novel Nanoscale Magnetic Particles". The experimental work on magneto-optical characterization of the nanoparticles. In addition experience in the molecular beam epitaxial deposition, ultra high vacuum techniques, ie. characterization by Auger electrons, in situ atomic force microscopy, RHEED. 1998 - 2000: Uppsala University, Department of Physics, Ph.D studies. Experimental work on characterization by Mössbauer spectroscopy and x-ray difractometry various materials like: bulk, multilayers, thin films, nanoparticles, batteries, gas sensors etc. Transmission electron microscopy, SQUID, XRD courses. Research Grants/Fellowships: 2001-2003 Freie Universitst Berlin, 30 months fellowship from the network "Correlation of Structure and Magnetism in Novel Nanoscale Magnetic Particles" 1996 Uppsala University - 4 months TEMPUS fellowship Publications 42 - publications in the international journals 55 - presentations and abstracts on the international conferences

Abstract:

It can be seen that from the last decade of previous centaury a vase number of investigations is dedicated to nanomaterials and their unusual properties. Recently, however researches went further and start to combine few nanostructures in one hierarchical formation. Among others biorelated nanocomposites become driving force for huge number and very promising investigations. For example combination of the magnetic nanostructure nanowires or nanoparticles with bioactive molecules leads to a novel hybrid system which combine properties of nanostructures and bioparticle in one spices. In such manner specific recognition or catalytic properties of biomaterials are convoluted with the attractive electronic, optical, magnetic and structural characteristics of magnetic spices. To obtain functional biocomposite, nanostructures should be properly characterized from the structural and magnetic point of view. In addition it should be modified in special manner at the surfaces what can be realized by bonding or adsorption of various linkage chemistries. The drawback is that practically each application needs its own surface characteristic and activity. Therefore functional compounds can be directly bonded with organic molecules or via interconnectors. The other option is non-covalent interactions with for example fatty acids or proteins. Different ligands -SH, -COOH, -OP, -CN with different affinity either to the modified surfaces or bioparticles can be obtained. The reason why magnetic nanostructures with especial emphasis on nanowires and nanoparticles are considered as a promising candidate of biocomposite constituents is their easily modulated magnetic properties, which gives access to the fast and easy manipulation tool via use of the external magnetic field. Structural and magnetic properties of the presented magnetic nanowires and composites will be discussed on base of result obtained by: XRD, TEM, IR and Mössbauer spectroscopy.

Biography:

Werner Lottermoser has completed his thesis work about neutron diffraction and magnetism of special silicates from Francfort University (Germany) and university lecturing qualification on Single Crystal Mössbauer Spectroscopy (SCMBS) in 1996 from Salzburg University (Austria). He is now working on sub-nanometric imaging, nanomaterials and materials for industrial applications. He has published more than 65 papers in reputed journals and 150 abstracts and has been serving e.g. for one year as a referee board member at the Journal of Physical Chemistry A. Recently, he was awarded the Austrian Staatspreis for Innovation together with AB-Microelectronics, Salzburg

Abstract:

The evaluation of a 3-dimensional orientation of magnetic moments in solids is still a challenging problem in modern solid state physics and crystallography. Common methods to arrive at this goal are neutron diffraction, magnetometry and Single Crystal Mössbauer Spectroscopy (SCMBS). However, each of these methods have their limitations, viz. antiphase domains, magnetical impurities a.s.o. X-ray and synchrotron diffraction may provide valuable insights in crystallographic structures, but the separation of the magnetically effective 3d electrons is hardly possible with the latter methods. The synthetic fayalite Fe2SiO4 is a model system for a rather complicated 3D magnetic structure (collinear antiferromagnetic AF on the two relevant crystallographic sites at 65K but canted only on the M1 site with a temperature-dependent canting angle below 65K). These neutron diffraction results could be verified by SCMBS and DFT calculations via the determination of the electric field gradient efg with high accuracy. By the recently presented Difference Electron Nanoscope (DEN) we are now able to combine spectroscopic and diffractometric data in order to see this efg together with surrounding 3d-electron clouds floating in the fayalite unit cell and the relevant internal magnetic fields correlated with the moments. The previously presented 3D images for the M1 position (Omics conf. at San Antonio 2014) are herewith completed for the M2 site.

Biography:

Yuko S. Yamamoto is currently a Restart Postdoctoral fellow (RPD) of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), at Kagawa university (2014-). She has completed her Ph.D in chemistry (2011) from Kwansei Gakuin University. She trained Raman spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy under the supervision of Prof. Yukihiro Ozaki and Prof. Tamitake Itoh, respectively. Her present research interests are plasmon-enhanced spectroscopy and chemical reactions on plasmonic nanomaterials (plasmonic chemistry).

Abstract:

The importance of nanostructures made by plasmonic metals e.g. silver or gold, has been recognized by many researchers because plasmon resonance of such nanostructures, which is a resonant oscillation of conduction electrons stimulated by incident light, causes unique plasmonic properties including surface enhanced spectroscopy, acceleration of photo-catalysis and photo-thermotherapy. Controlling the synthesis and assembly of those metallic nanostructures has been of particular interest and several methods e.g. random/self-assembly, bond formation and nanolithography, are well established. However, these methods have limitations for fabrication cost and time, thus, more efficient techniques are required to satisfy the basic industrial needs. In recent years, galvanic displacement reaction (GDR) is rediscovered as a rapid and cost-effective technique for preparing various plasmonic nanostructures. Various kinds of nanostructures have been synthesized by GDR, however, most previous works have some limitations in creating efficient plasmonic nanostructures because during GDR processes, nanostructures tend to elongate and overlap with each other, preventing efficient production of plasmonic hot spots. To solve this problem, we introduced a novel GDR for the synthesis of silver nanohexagonal thin columns (NHCs). NHCs synthesized generate strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering signals of adsorbates, thus, they have a potential to be used widely across industry. Multi-elements depth profile analysis of NHCs by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows that NHCs have a less conductive layer on their outermost surface, resulting that NHCs are kept from fusion and high-density plasmonic hot spots remain. Refs. (1)YS Yamamoto et al., Phys.Chem. Chem. Phys., 2013, 15, 14611. (2)YS Yamamoto et al., to be submitted.

Biography:

Michael Hietschold studied physics and completed Ph.D. 1976 at Technical University Dresden, Germany. He was a postdoc at Moscow State Lomonosov University, Soviet Union. Since 1993, he is a professor at Technische Universität Chemnitz, Germany. His research interests are surface physics, nanophysics and ultramicroscopy. He was guest professor at the National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, and also lecturing at Portland State University, Oregon, USA. Since 2008 he is advisor for the National Metals and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), Pathumthani, Thailand. He is a referee for many international scientific journals and funding organizations and has published more than 200 scientific papers.

Abstract:

The investigation of self-assembled adsorbate structures on crystalline substrate surfaces is a classical topic of surface physics which has been dominated for a long time by diffraction techniques. The appearance of scanning probe microscopes – especially scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) – has opened the fascinating opportunity of direct real-space imaging with atomic or submolecular resolution. At the interface between a solution and a crystalline solid solute (and sometimes also solvent) molecules may deposit in an ordered manner at the solid substrate surface. In-situ studies of the adsorption pattern created this way are possible by ambient STM with the tip immersed in a deposited solution droplet. As an example, trimesic acid (TMA) molecules solved in alkanoic acids may arrange in open adsorption patterns (chicken wire and flower structures) due to H bonding via carboxylic functional groups. At the liquid-solid interface, such type polymorphism may be controlled by the nature of the solvent as well as the concentration of the solutions which opens access to further novel structures. By a controlled increase of molecular packing density of solutions of TMA in alcohols, a surface-reaction of TMA with coadsorbed solvent molecules (monoester formation with undecanol) has been observed. Recent investigations concerning substrate temperature during deposition and replacement of trimesic acid by the non-planar benzene-triphosphonic acid will be discussed also. Such kind of investigations may open a way to better understanding the conditions of structure formation and control which is permanently encountered in the biotic world and which might become extremely fruitful for future engineering.

Biography:

Abdulhamid Chaikh, has completed his PhD at Grenoble-Alpes University, France. He was qualified for Assistant Professor position in French University. He is working as scientist for Medical Physics & Radiation Oncology and teaching in master degree at the medical school of Grenoble-Alpes University. He has published more than 15 papers in international journals and participated to over 15 national and international conferences. He is carrying out peer reviewed articles and serving as an Editorial Board Member of the Journal of Case Reports in Oncology and Therapy. He is a member of American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

Abstract:

Purpose: The available implantable dosimeters in radiotherapy,i.e. semiconductor, MOSFET, radio luminescence of gallium nitride, etc, are imperfect and need a correction factors. In this study,we probos by simulation the size limit for a new generation of dosimeters at micro/nano scale for real time measurements in routine radiotherapy. Materials & Methods: Monte-Carlo simulations were carried out to study the influence of nanodosimeter size on the accuracy in dose measurements using a water volume irradiated with 60Co photons. The mean specific energy (), characterizing the actual deposited dose, was calculated for variousdose values and various radii of cylindrical targets placed within the irradiated volume. Then, the probability that a measurement yields a value outside the intervals with γ equal to 3%, 5% and 10% was calculated. Results & Discussion: The distributions for the smallest target show a very high dispersion of specific energy values, while those for the largest target tend to become gaussian and narrower, with increasing dose. An excessively small radius renders the measurements chaotic and not statistically-reproducible, even for a dose as high as 10 Gy. On the other hand, a target radius of 10 μm may allow for a better reproducibility of the measurements in a wider range of doses. Conclusion: The ability of the nano dosimeter to yield measurements dependent on its size and on the deposited dose.Nano dosimeter should be large enough to produce a statistically-reproducible measurement in the intended range around the irradiation dose value.

Biography:

Alexander Eberle focused on the production and classification of nanoparticles during his academic studies of process engineering. His diploma thesis was about the advancement of a calcination technology to produce diesel particulate filters.After his studies he worked for 3 years in the process development of a automotive supplier that manufactures ceramic catalysts for emission control. His main fields of activity were twin-screw-extrusion and freeze-drying.Alexander Eberle started his Ph.Din 2013 in the open-research-laboratory in the Deutsches Museum in Munich.The topic of his work is thecontroled fabrication of monolayers made of organic semiconductor under ambient conditions.

Abstract:

The Organic Solid-Solid Wetting Deposition (OSWD) enables the formation of monolayers made of insoluble organic semiconductors such as Pentacene, PTCDA or Quinacridone (Chem.Eur.J. 13 (2007), 7785). It’s a surface supported process that occurs on carbon substrates (graphite, graphene, nanotubes) and inorganic substrates like MoS2 and features numerous advantages compared to other monolayer growth techniques: running under ambient conditions, no requirement of expensive equipment, suitable for commercially available organic semiconductors. The OSWD is based on the physical interaction of a dispersed semiconductor-nanocrystal and a substrate. After both got in contact, under certain conditions the nanocrystal starts to wet the substrate like a liquid would do, with a gradient of the surface-free-energy as the driving force. However, a more fundamental understanding of the OSWD is necessary in order to optimize its efficiency and to further enhance the control over the nanostructure self-assembly. We used Gamma Quinacridone as a model system, an organic semiconductor extensively used in industry as a pigment. Investigations were done via Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, particle size distribution and zeta potential (ZP) analysis. Our results reveal the influence of various dispersing agents (DA) on the ability of nanocrystals to start an OSWD and on the structure of the created monolayers. The DA gives a ZP to the nanocrystals. It’s type and intensity determines the properties and the coverage rate of the monolayer.Due to our results it’s now also possible to use water as DA. These results enable a low-cost large-scale production of semiconductor-monolayers with well-defined properties.

Biography:

Holder of the First Class Golden Medal for Sciences and Arts and the recipient of the 2010Appreciation State Prize in the realm of Advanced Technological Sciences.Professor Ammar is currently the Chairman, Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University in Egypt; formerly, Dean of the Pharmacy Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt. He has more than 110 research papers published in international scientific journals. These research papers cover most of the areas related to pharmaceutics, biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics. Design of new drug delivery systems is not beyond the scope of his interest.

Abstract:

Nanotechnology is attracting great attention worldwide in biomedicine. Targeted therapy based on drug nanocarrier systems enhances the treatment of tumors and enables the development of targeted drug delivery systems. In recent years, theranostics are emerging as the next generation of multifunctional nanomedicine to improve the therapeutic outcome of cancer therapy. Polymeric nanoparticles with targeting moieties containing magnetic nanoparticles as theranostic agents have considerable potential for the treatment of cancer. The use of directed enzyme prodrug therapy (DEPT) has been investigated as a means to improve the tumor selectivity of therapeutics. Magnetic DEPT involves coupling the bioactive prodrug-activating enzyme to magnetic nanoparticles that are then selectively delivered to the tumor by applying an external magnetic field. Gene therapy is an attractive method for meeting the needs for curing brain disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. On the other hand, due to the fact that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is resistant to standard chemotherapeutic agents, genetherapy appears to be a more effective cure for HCC patients. Ultrasound-mediated drug delivery is a novel technique for enhancing the penetration of drugs into diseased tissue beds noninvasively. This technique is broadly appealing, given the potential of ultrasound to control drug delivery spatially and temporally in a noninvasive manner.

Biography:

Nekane Guarrotxena is a PhD from the University of Complutense, Madrid-Spain and post-doctoral researcher at Ecole Nationale Superieure d´Arts et Metiers, Paris-France and the University of ScienceII, Montpellier-France. From 2008-2011, she was visiting professor in the Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Materials at the University of California, Santa Barbara (USA) and the CaSTL at the University of California, Irvine (USA). She is currently Research Scientist at the Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC-Madrid (Spain). Her research interest focuses on the synthesis and assembly of hybrid nanomaterials, nanoplasmonics, and their uses in nanobiotechnology applications (bioimaging, biosensing, drug delivery and therapy).

Abstract:

Nowadays, the scientists are faced with the challenging development of highly sensitive multiple protein detection methods. The outstanding physicochemical properties of noble metal nanoparticles enable to envisage them as robust and versatile support to developing nanotags encapsulated in an antibody-functionalized nanostructure that is active in surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). This optical sensing technology allows single molecule detection with high potential to simultaneous recognition of closely related targets based on the narrow bandwidths of the vibrational Raman spectra of the reporter molecules. In this presentation, we will demonstrate how one-spot detection of multiple proteins in parallel can be efficiently achieved by using SERS encoded probes consisting of noble metal NPs each reporting unique Raman code and antibody-tagging entities. Further, this study may contribute to the development of targeting, tracking, and imaging systems for labelling cells

Biography:

Prof.CheolGi Kim has completed his Ph.D. from KAIST in Korea and postdoctoral studies from NIST in USA. Now he is a professor and head of the department at DGIST. Prior to coming to DGIST, he has 24 years of research experience at KRISS in Korea, Sun Moon University in Korea, Tohoku University in Japan and Chungnam National University in Korea. Prof. CheolGi Kim has trained number of Ph.D. students who have gone on to successful researchers in their own related research fields. His research interests skate the intersection between technology and competitive strategy. During his Professional Period, he published ~ 300 articles in research journals, and 15 domestic and 6 international patents. For his contribution to the Scientific research, he has honoured by the bunch of awards.

Abstract:

The ability to analyze the cellular contents of individual microorganisms would significantly benefit our understanding of many mechanisms in the minute world of cell biology. Compared with flow cytometry, single cell arrays are promising multi-parameter tool for long term observation of biological processes by monitoring cells randomly deposited into micro-well arrays or locally trapped by hydrodynamic, electric or magnetic fields. However, these existing tools are frequently limited either by irreversibility in the placement of cells or lack of tools for efficient extraction of single cells, poor nutrient diffusion and temperature control, and the need for complex wiring and microfluidic patterns which prevent the highly parallel operations necessary for identifying extremely rare cells. In this context, we develop lithographically patterned magnetophoretic pathways which transport single cells reversibly (conductor) or irreversibly (diode) and can locally store single cells in an array of apartments (capacitor). The active devices consists of current lines that can locally switch the trajectory of single cells (transistor) and when combined with the passive elements can produce highly scalable systems that have general multiplexing properties with dramatically reduced wiring constraints that allows an efficient implementation of digital circuitry for single cells. This work provides fundamental tools that enable breakthroughs in the analysis of cell heterogeneity and provide new routes for genomics/proteomics, human reproduction and cancer research.

Biography:

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Abstract:

In order to correctly assess toxicological effects of nanoparticles released from medical implants, testing systems with high purity are required. Unfortunately, nanoparticles obtained from chemical synthesis are frequently contaminated with artificial ligands remaining from synthesis, which may interfere with toxicity assays . Furthermore, chemical reduction methods in aqueous solutions fail to generate alloy nanoparticles with homogeneous ultrastructure . In order to overcome these limitations, ligand-free colloidal nanoparticles were fabricated by pulsed laser ablation in liquid . This method predominantly yields relatively broad size distributions, though precise control of particle size and particle composition are of paramount importance. To overcome this drawback we controlled particle size by addition of low salinity electrolytes during the nanoparticle formation process , while the utilization of artifical ligands was completely avoided. Furthermore, pulsed laser ablation in liquid was used to synthesize nanoparticles from binary and ternary alloy targets, while the resulting nanoparticles possess a homogeneous ultrastructure down to a single particle level and their overall composition well represented the implant alloy target. Additionally, the model system AuAg was used to systematically vary the nanoparticle composition and to correlate it to toxicological effects observed in bacterial and mammalian cell cultures as well as in reproduction biology .

Biography:

Sylvia Wagner from Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering , Germany

Abstract:

Evolution gave birth to an extremely useful structure: The blood-brain barrier that protects our delicate central nervous system homeostasis by shielding off toxic metabolites, extraneous substances and attacks of pathogens. But biologically valuable does not always mean pharmacologically welcome. The blood-brain barrier does not distinguish between friend and foe and causes many potentially effective brain therapeutics to fail in vivo - not because of a lack of potency, but because they cannot pass this physiological barrier. This dilemma especially comes into focus for the class of neurodegenerative disorders: Demographic changes drive the rapidly growing prevalence for age-related maladies such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease resulting in horrendous socio-economic burden. Scientists feverishly search for new causal drugs, but even if they showed beneficial effects in vitro, the chance that they pass the blood-brain barrierunhindered is virtually non-existent. Today, we can use the elegant approach of molecular Trojan Horses: the fast-emerging field of nanotechnology offers the possibility to enlarge the pool of substances by packing promising drugs into nanoparticles. By this, we can mask the original physico-chemical properties of the substances and even surface-modify the particles with ligands targeting specific receptors at the blood-brain barrier. The advantages are tempting: Apart from reducing peripheral doses and consequently side effects, drugs can be targeted directly to the brain.

Biography:

Anand Gadre graduated with his BS and MS degrees in Applied Physics from the University of Mumbai. He completed his Doctorate from the Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), India. In 2001, he joined University of Maryland as a Post-doc and later worked as Research Associate in the Nanoscience and Microtechnology Laboratory (GNuLab) at Georgetown University. In 2004, he joined as an Assistant Professor of Nanobioscience in the State University of New York at Albany and later was promoted as an Associate Professor with tenure. He achieved his MBA degree from the University at Albany in 2009. In 2011, he joined as the Director of a core Nanofabrication and Stem Cell Research Facility in the University of California, Merced, where he is currently pursuing his research in Nanobiotechnology. He has published several peer-reviewed papers, co-authored book chapters and served as a Referee for several national/international journals

Abstract:

There is currently an unmet need for an optimal biomaterial that can substitute for autograft bone or serve as a temporary matrix that can induce regeneration of native bone at implant sites. Developing scaffolds that mimic the architecture of bone tissue at the nanoscale level and that parallel the physical properties of bone tissue in the categories of mechanical strength, pore size, porosity, hardness, and overall three-dimensional (3D) architecture is one of the major focuses in the field of tissue engineering. Our specific objective is to design 3D synthetic biodegradable scaffolds comprising electrospun nanofibers that will not only be osteoconductive but also contain porosity for bone cell ingrowth enhanced with Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and a sufficient amount of bioactive ingredients such as Demineralized Bone Matrix (DBM) that would serve as a more conducive framework for cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Our central hypothesis is that the MSCs can migrate inside the functionalized 3D nanoscaffold to produce abundant extracellular matrix and differentiate into bone cell lineages, and that incorporation of DBM into the network of nanofibers will enhance osteogenesis and bone formation. The rationale for the proposed research is that if such complex constructs can mimic the native in vivo microenvironment, they could provide a promising nanotechnology based surgical tool for bone tissue engineering directed at orthopedic and bone tissue clinical applications.

Biography:

Nekane Guarrotxena is a PhD from the University of Complutense, Madrid-Spain and post-doctoral researcher at Ecole Nationale Superieure d´Arts et Metiers, Paris-France and the University of ScienceII, Montpellier-France. From 2008-2011, she was visiting professor in the Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Materials at the University of California, Santa Barbara (USA) and the CaSTL at the University of California, Irvine (USA). She is currently Research Scientist at the Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC-Madrid (Spain). Her research interest focuses on the synthesis and assembly of hybrid nanomaterials, nanoplasmonics, and their uses in nanobiotechnology applications (bioimaging, biosensing, drug delivery and therapy).

Abstract:

Highly sensitive technology allows the detection of analytical targets in one sample providing a rapid and accurate clinical diagnostic. Among the potential analytical techniques surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) offers unique advantages such as ultrasensitive detection down low the deconvolution times, fingerprint vibrational information of the target molecules, and the possibility of performing the experiments even in complex biological samples. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) refers to the collective oscillations of the conduction electrons in metallic nanostructures. This phenomenon can also concentrate the incident electromagnetic field leading to Raman signal amplification to be used in a surface enhanced Raman scattering based detection methodology. Here, we discuss the design strategies for nanostructures to plasmonically enhance optical sensing signals up to femtoMolar level, highlighting their applications as SERS-enhanced optical sensors in multiplexed protein detection. In fact, our strategy lies on the design of multicomponent nanostructures, which embody the sensitivity afforded by Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) nanostructures with the wide selectivity that is characteristic of antibodies.

Biography:

Dr. Nor Hazwani Ahmad is a senior lecturer at Cluster for Oncological and Radiological Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). She earned her Bachelor in Biomedicine with First Class Honours from Management and Science University (MSU) and she obtained her Ph.D in Cancer Immunology from USM in 2013. Her research interests include cytotoxicity study in cancer research, particularly involving the downstream apoptosis mechanisms in cancer cells induced by plant extracts. She has secured a Science Fundgrant under the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI)as principal investigator.

Abstract:

Interest in silver nanoparticles and their potential medical applications has increased in recent years due to its unique characteristics. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of a green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) aqueous extract on Jurkat (human acute T-cell leukemia) and HT29 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma) cell lines. The assays used were MTS [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carbonxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium/phenazine metho sulfate], annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide, DNA fragmentation and cell cycle. The IC50 values obtained from MTS assay were 6.7 to 7.4 μg/ml for Jurkat cells while 13.0 to 13.5 μg/ml for HT29 cells at various incubations. Flow cytometric analysis demonstratedhigher percentages of early (annexin V-FITC+/PI-) and late (annexin V-FITC+/PI-) apoptotic cells in response to C. roseus-AgNPs, as compared to untreated cells. This is further confirmed by the detection of DNA fragments. The induction of apoptosis was associated with cell cycle arrest. These data indicated that C. roseus contains active compounds responsible for the AgNPs synthesis and its anticancer activity on Jurkat and HT29 cells, which can be applicable for therapeutic purposes.

Biography:

Dr.Sabyasachi Sarkar; Professor Emeritus at IIESTS, was Senior Professor and former Head, Chemistry Department of IIT Kanpur. He researched in the diversified fields on the modeling of the metalloproteins , chemical Darwinism , synthetic leaf and non-invasive bioimaging, invivo drug carrier and delivery including crossing BBB using nano carbons. Guided 40 PhD , 150 Masters theses with over 200 publications and four US and Indian patents .He is an Av Humboldt ,INSA research , Raja Ramanna and DAAD Fellow , Fellow of the Indian Chemical Society , Indian Academy of Sciences and of the Royal Society of Chemistry

Abstract:

Water soluble carbon nano onion (wsCNO) (25-50 nm) is made from cheap woodwool and used by us earlier to image the full life cycle of Drosophila melanogaster. The present lecture covers the application of this multi-layered wsCNO in drug delivery. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) regulates brain homeostasis and selectively permit the entry of necessary molecules to pass into the brain through tight junctions and enzymatic carriers. This BBB is the greatest impediment preventing any diagnostic or therapeutic probe in combating neuronal disorders or the growth of a tumor inside the brain. Fluorescent wsCNO may be used as a Trojan horse to carry the drug, the drug on its own is a foreign body, may be impermeable to the brain. We report here the crossing of wsCNO through the BBB in the murine model of CADASIL as well as in GBM induced mice. Donepezil, an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, is entrapped by wsCNO in acidic phosphate buffer saline (PBS) demonstrating its function as Trojan horse from which the drug is readily released at pH 7.4

Biography:

Ahmet Alper Öztürk received BA in June 2013 at Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy. He started the PhD program in September 2013. He is working as a research assistant at the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology at Anadolu University since 2014. He has participated in the ERASMUS Internship Program at University of Cagliari, Italy in 2011.

Abstract:

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) also called nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents/analgesics (NSAIAs) or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medicines (NSAIMs) are a class of drugs which provide analgesic (pain-killing) and antipyretic (fever-reducing) effects, and antiinflammatory effects in higher doses. The most prominent members of this group, aspirin, ibuprofen and naproxen are all available as over-the-counter drugs in most countries. Arylpropionic acids are a group of NSAIDs currently produced in the racemic form. Dexketoprofen tromethamol is the dextrorotatory enantiomer of ketoprofen formulated as tromethamine salt. Dexketoprofen tromethamol’s distribution half-life and elimination half-life are 0.35 and 1.65 hours, respectively. Eudragit polymers which are acrylic/metacrylic acid esters act as polyelectrolytes regulated by percentage of charged (quaternary ammonium) and non-ionized (ether) groups in their structures. Eudragit RS® 100 is a poly-(ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, chloro trimethyl ammonium ethyl methacrylate) copolymer. It is insoluble at physiological pH values but undergoes swelling in water. Eudragit RS® 100 is commonly used for enteric coating of tablets and preparation of controlled-release drug forms and represents a prototype for dispersion of drugs. Polymeric nanoparticles prepared by spray-drying method and characterized for controlled oral delivery of dexketoprofen tromethamol was aimed in this study.

Biography:

Hend Shubar has completed her Ph.D. at the age of 36 years from Berlin Free University, Germany. She is working as a lecturer at the department of Microbiology and Immunology, faculty of Pharmacy, Tripoli University, Libya. She has published 4 papers in the field of drug targeting.

Abstract:

We investigated whether coating of atovaquone nanosuspensions (ANSs) with apolipoprotein E (apoE) peptides improves the uptake of atovaquone into the brain. The passage across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) of ANSs stabilized by polysorbate 80 (Tween 80), poloxamer 184 (P184), or poloxamer 338 (P338) and the same formulations coated with apoE peptides were analyzed in vitro and in vivo. Passage through a rat coculture model of the BBB did not differ between individual atovaquone formulations, and the addition of apoE peptides did not enhance the transport. Following the induction of toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) in mice, treatment with all atovaquone formulations reduced the number of parasites and inflammatory foci compared with untreated mice. Uptake of atovaquone into the brain did not depend on coating with apoE. Finally, incubation of apoE peptide–coated ANSs with brain endothelial cells for 30 min did result in the accumulation of nanoparticles on the cell surface but not in their uptake into the cells. In conclusion, ANSs coated with Tween 80 or poloxamers showed therapeutic efficacy in murine toxoplasmosis. ApoE- and apoE-derived peptides do not induce the uptake of ANSs into the brain. Alternative mechanisms seem to be in operation, thereby mediating the passage of atovaquone across the BBB.

Biography:

Dr Shashi Paul is working in the Emerging Technologies Research Centre (EMTERC), De Montfort University, and Leicester, United Kingdom, as a reader in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology and head of EMTERC (http://www.dmu.ac.uk/emterc). He graduated from Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore and previously worked at Cambridge University, Durham University and Rutgers University. He has extensive experience in the field of deposition of nano-sized organic and inorganic materials in the context of their applications to electronic memory devices, thin film transistors, biological & chemical sensors and energy related devices.

Abstract:

Silicon is widely used in electronic industries in a number of forms, for example: amorphous silicon is used in liquid-crystal display units; poly-silicon is used in Flash memory structures & photovoltaic solar cells and single crystals are used in C-MOS technologies. Among various forms of silicon embodiments, silicon nano-structures (for example silicon nanowires). However, before silicon nano-structures become integrated into a commercial product (for example in consumer plastic electronics or batteries), there are still major challenges to conquer. These include optimizing growth conditions, low-temperature growth of silicon nano-structures. For the growth of nano-structures, widely employed chemical vapour deposition (CVD) techniques is in practice. However, the growth temperatures relevant to this technique exceed 600oC, which results in very high thermal budgets and process is not compatible cheap and flexible substrates. Using a combination of pre-growth preparation steps and plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD), (UK patent #GB2482915), have been shown to result in the growth of silicon structures (micro and nano sized) ï‚£ 300ï‚°C. Using this process, we are able to grow silicon structures on plastic/glass substrates and have demonstrated their use in electronic and energy related devices.

Biography:

Tamara Milivojević has completed her Ph.D in December 2014, from the University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Her prime focus was the effect of ZnO nanoparticles on different levels of biological organization. She is the author and co-author of several papers in reputed journals. She presented her work as a speaker at the international conferences and symposiums. Beside bionanotechnology, she studies the biology and taxonomy of Hymenoptera.

Abstract:

The increase in the production of nanomaterials in the past decades introduced both positive and negative prospects in the consumer goods. ZnO nanoparticles are amongst the most frequently used and globally produced nanomaterials. Oral ingestion is one of the already acknowledged exposure routes for the unintentional consumption of ZnO nanoparticles with negative implications. Our goal was to study the effects of chronic dietary exposure to ZnO nanoparticles on chosen cardiac parameters. For this purpose Wistar rats were treated daily with oral doses of 4.76 and 47.60 mg ZnO nanoparticles/kg of body weight during chronic six week exposure. Although the isolated heart model was previously used to study nanoparticle effect on cardiac parameters, this is the first use of the isolated heart model for the study of negative effects of ZnO nanoparticles. We studied cardiac function in terms of ventricle developed pressure, heart rate, coronary flow and the presence of arrhythmia. Our data shows that the chronic consumption of ZnO nanoparticles induces dose-dependent cardiotoxic effect on Wistar rats. We observed impaired cardiac function in terms of decreased left ventricle developed pressure and coronary flow, and the generation of ventricular tachycardia. In the absence of similar studies, this is the first evidence of direct negative implications of the chronic oral ingestion of ZnO nanoparticles on the heart function. The present study introduces new views on previous knowledge regarding lowest observed effect concentration in terms of the chronic dietary exposure to ZnO nanoparticles.

Biography:

I’m now a lecturer of Genetics inZoology Department Faculty of Science Cairo University, obtaining the M.Sc (2008) and ph.D degrees (2012) in Cyto and Molecular Genetics from Faculty of Science Cairo University. Now, teaching various courses in Faculty of Science Cairo University and has good experience in various techniques including Comet, micronucleus and chromosomal aberrations analysis assays and single strand conformational polymorohism (SSCP) ......etc. Attending several conferences and workshops and sharing in the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of the Faculty of Science of Cairo University since 2012 Interests: I have interests in several scientific branches including: Genetics, Molecular biology, Comet assay, Nanotoxicology, Safety evaluation and cancer research.

Abstract:

Nanoparticles are widely used in a wide variety of applications due to their high stability, resistance, and photocatalytic properties. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are commercially used in a variety of consumer products e.g., toothpastes, sunscreens, cosmetics, food products, medications and wastewater treatment, that increasing daily human exposure to them. Therefore, TiO2 nanoparticles persistence and its effect on cancer incidence were investigated in this study. Significant elevations in tail length, %DNA damage and tail moment by nano-TiO2 particles during the experimental period evidenced the persistence of DNA damage. This was further confirmed by the appearance of laddered fragmentized and smeared genomic DNA. Moreover, the incidence in p53 mutations was increased by increasing the experimental period in nano-TiO2 treated groups. All these could be attributed to the persisted titanium accumulation and no clearance with time. Conclusion: persisted accumulation and no clearance of nano-titanium after stopping exposure enhanced its toxicity and increases the incidence of cancer.

Biography:

Dr. AmanUllah received his PhD (with distinction) in Chemical Sciences and Technologies in 2010 at the University of Genova, Italy by working together at Southern Methodist University, USA. He is currently working as an Assistant Professor at the Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta. He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals.Amanwas named a Canadian Rising Star in Global Health by Grand Challenges Canada in 2012.

Abstract:

Amphiphilic block copolymers and ABA type PEG-Lipid conjugated macromolecules have been synthesized using microwave-assisted reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition commonly termed as “click chemistry” respectively. Characterization of the block copolymers and conjugates has been carried out with the help of 1H-NMR, FTIR and GPC. These copolymers and conjugates were evaluated for the encapsulation and release of drug. Carbamazepine, an anticonvulsant drug with poor water solubility was selected to be a hydrophobic drug model in the study. Themicellization, drug encapsulation and release behavior of macromolecules was investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and fluorescence spectroscopy. From the results, it has been concluded that the nanoparticles had different average sizes due to different ratio of hydrophilic contents in the block or conjugate backbone. The particle size and structure could be altered by changing the ratio of hydrophilic and hydrophobic contents. The in vitro drug encapsulations highlighted that all the drug-loaded micelles had spherical or near-spherical morphology. In vitro drug release study showed the controlled release of hydrophobic drug over a period of max. 50 hours. The results indicate that there is great potential of renewable lipid-based micelle nanoparticles to be used as hydrophobic drug carriers.

Biography:

Abstract:

In this paper, the resonant frequency of a T-shaped nano-antenna was analysed and parametric study had been carried out to understand the effects on T-shaped antenna on diamond like carbon material. The novel T-shaped nano-antenna were designed and analysed by using momentum model in Advanced Design System (ADS) software and the simulations results were directly compared with other nano-antenna. Initial work indicated that the novel T-shaped nano-antenna had a smaller physical size and higher bandwidth when compared to the other nano-antenna at milli-metric wave frequencies.